What are the commonly used color media

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Painting-Portrait ART

Oils are the medium of oil paints and are also used in Tempera emulsions and glazing materials. According to the drying method, the oil used for the color medium is divided into two categories: one is volatile oil, such as turpentine, lavender oil, refined gasoline and so on. The second is dry oil, such as poppy oil, flaxseed oil, walnut oil, safflower oil, sunflower oil and so on. The role of toning media formulated by different oils is not the same. To master oil painting techniques, we must understand how to use toning media. At present, the commonly used blending agents and diluents mainly have the following types:

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(1) turpentine

Turpentine is a volatile and transparent liquid extracted by distillation of pine resin, also known as resin turpentine. In painting, it can be used as a diluent for pigments and toning fluids, and can also be used as a solvent for resins. Turpentine evaporates quickly and leaves no residue. Domestic painters use medical turpentine, which is sold in pharmacies. Draft and paint the bottom large color block, it is a better diluent.

Nothing to do with resin turpentine, Venetian turpentine is a very dense amber liquid that, when added to oil paints and toning oils, produces a strong, jewel-like conjunctiva. Therefore, it is often used as a glazing medium.

(2) Linseed oil

Linseed oil, also known as flaxseed oil, is extracted from the seeds of the flax plant and is the main medium for oil paints.

Cold-pressed linseed oil: It is the purest form of linseed oil. Its basic use is as a blending agent for oil paints.

Hot linseed oil: It is extracted by steam heating and pressing, also known as steam pressed linseed oil, and the output is higher than cold pressed. At present, most of the fine art supply stores in China are hot refined linseed oil, which is divided into two kinds of decolorization and primary color.

Sun-thickened linseed oil: cold-pressed and hot-refined linseed oil is mainly used to make a blend of oil paints. Thickened linseed oil is used for painting. It is generally thickened by sunlight (see preparation of toner for details). It is a good dry toning oil.

Polymerized flaxseed oil: It is a transparent and thick excellent painting toning oil made of flaxseed oil heated to above 0℃ in a sealed state. Although not particularly dry, the resulting color layer has unusual strength and crack resistance. Suitable for classical transparent painting mask dyeing.

Flax toning oil: It is cooked linseed oil, which adds % gloss oil, % turpentine and ~ 3% cobalt drier.

(3) Walnut oil (walnut oil)

The oil was used by European painters before the century, and was later replaced by linseed oil. It flows well, but it dries slowly. Contemporary painters use it as a blending agent for classical oil paintings. There are two types of walnut oil on the market: cold pressed and aged cold pressed.

Cold pressed pure raw walnut oil: It is one of the quality toning oils. This oil can be used to add turpentine to the draft, and can also be self-mixed with oil or direct color.

Aged cold-pressed walnut oil: In the state of not isolating air, cold-pressed walnut oil is made after heating, which contains lead oxide, for the use of homemade toners. Drying speed is relatively.

(4) safflower oil and poppy oil

Safflower oil: has a good color persistence, not due to time and hair, is the production of white and other light pigments of the quality oil. It is mostly used by pigment manufacturers to produce white oil paints.

Poppy oil: Extracted from opium seeds, mainly used to make white and light pigments. Drying is slow and the conjunctiva is less firm. Sun-thickened poppy oil is a good toning oil.

(5) Emulsion matte toner (matte toner oil)

Contains cellulose, damar resin. Moving it into a color gives the tinted layer a matte effect. Interchangeably used with compound oil, suitable for classical transparent painting. Drying speed.

(6) Blending oil (blending oil)

It is a glossy toning oil used for painting or retouching. It's a mixture of one part flaxseed oil, one part damar varnish and one part turpentine. Moderate dryness.

(7) oil painting toning paste

Toner is a thicker medium. It can make the opaque oil painting color become transparent color, which is more suitable for transparent thin dyeing painting, and the drying speed is special, with its color palette thin dyeing, you can immediately paint with different colors.

(8) alkyd resin medium

It is a new type of material and may replace the traditional toning media. There are many brands in foreign countries, and it has obvious potential: with oil painting tones and time, it can accelerate drying time; Can increase transparency; Make the color layer more shiny; Make the colors more saturated; The layers are also more durable. It basically comes in two forms: a thick translucent fluid and an extremely thick paste. It can be used for both heavy direct painting and smooth glazing.

(9) Mineral alcohol

Mineral alcohol is a by-product of petroleum and acts as a diluent for oil painting, as does turpentine. As pure as water, more volatile, but slightly less soluble.